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Women's wedding dress heavily embroidered on the body, neckline and sleeves called a "special dress" as it's made and sewn by special request for special occasions such as weddings..
20th century
Object Name: Dress
Period: 20th century
Date: 1900-1999
Provenance: India
Dimensions: 1.33mx1.34m, weight:2kg
Medium: textile,cotton,silk,metal thread
Registration Number: QNM.2011.336.1
Place Of Discovery/Findspot:  Qatar
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This is a Wedding dress made for the Qatari Lady for her wedding day made of Magenta coloured silk dress heavily embellished with yellow and white metal thread embroidery. The dress is full length with fitted sleeves that taper to the cuff. The skirt flares to the floor. A round neck has a centre front short opening. The dress is embroidered throughout with a bold floral design of rosettes surrounded by meandering foliage. A wide band of densely worked floral embroidery defines the waist, the neckline, hem, cuffs and upper sleeves. All of the embroidery is worked in a chain stitch in yellow and white metal thread and is embellished with metal spangles of two sizes. The dress has been lined with a dark pink habotai fabric. The sleeves are fitted and taper to the cuff. A round neck has a centre front slit opening that extends to just below mid chest. The dress is embroidered throughout with a bold floral design of rosettes amidst branches of foliage. Wide borders of densely worked stylized floral embroidery defines the waist, the front and back bodice, the neckline, front opening, hem, cuffs and upper sleeves. All of the embroidery is worked in a chain stitch in yellow and white metal thread and is embellished with metal spangles of two sizes. The hem, left and right front and back skirt seams, the front and back bodice, and all the embroidered border areas on cuffs, hem, waist, shoulders and upper sleeves are faced with a red plain weave cotton fabric. The embroidery has been worked through the two fabric layers. The front and back left and right seams in the skirt and the bodice darts are machine stitched in a white cotton thread prior to the dress being embroidered. The side seams and underarm seam are stitched after being embroidered and are worked by hand in a finished run and fell seam using purple cotton thread. The dress is lined with a pink plain weave cotton lining that has been incorporated at the side seams and finished at the neck opening. It is likely that the lining is original to the construction of the dress, however, it is also possible that it was added at a later date during structural alterations. The dress has been altered, repaired and conserved in the past. The sleeves have been shortened by approximately 10cm with a tuck just above the cuff. The pink lining fabric appears to have also been altered at the sleeves as a hand-stitched seam suggests that the fabric has been shortened and the excess cut away. The hand stitching thread (purple cotton thread) used for the sleeve alteration corresponds to the thread used to sew the side seams, suggesting that the lining was added at the same time that the alteration was made. Random running stitches that meander through lining appear to attach the lining to the dress fabric, but may also have been worked in areas where the dress fabric was first starting to show structural damage. The thread used in the running stitches correspond with that used to stitch the lining to the side seams and to that used in the sleeve alterations. Conservation laid and couched stitching in a red cotton thread has been worked through the lining fabric to provide support to damaged areas. The red thread has also been used to repair undone stitching in the side seams. The dress has been further lined with a red silk lining.
HISTORICAL CONTEXT QATAR
The Qatar Peninsula is surrounded by sea except in the south where it connects with its neighbours from the Arabian Peninsula. For hundreds of years people have shared the land, resources and knowledge inherited from their environment. With no fixed lifestyle in terms of time and place, people moved easily and freely between land and sea for trade, livestock, pearl diving, fishing, and hunting at various times throughout the year. This symbiotic relationship between the people and their environment was represented in the unity of their societies, including the exchange of knowledge, stories and the trading of available goods.

A distinctive characteristic of life on the Qatar Peninsula has long been the close association between the coast and the desert – al barr. Some desert tribes spent several months of the year in coastal cities, setting up semi-permanent residences to participate in pearl diving or fishing. Similarly, coastal residents occasionally moved to al barr during the winter to graze their livestock. This exchange of natural resources and the influence of different environments has contributed to the creation of a unique community.
HISTORICAL CONTEXT - REGION/GULF/WORLD
The presence of British, French and Dutch trading companies in the Gulf from the early 1600s brought uncertainty to the region, with unstable alliances and intense competition over trade routes. As trade flourished, however, the strength of the Arab tribes increased. Many Arab tribes moved from the interior of the Arabian Peninsula to Qatar, and by the 18th and 19th centuries, most of the major towns of the Gulf were founded. Several towns flourished on the Qatari coast, including Huwailah, Khor Hassan, Fuwairat, Ruwaida, Freiha, Al Bidda and Doha. The most notable was Al Zubara which became a hub for the Gulf pearl trade.
PUBLICATIONS AND RESEARCH
Ismael, Najla. 2003. Qatari Costume. 1. 150.
LOCATE ON QATAR MAP
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